WEBVTT 00:00:05.046 --> 00:00:09.626 I'm Doug Cullinan, Professor, Curriculum and Instruction at the College 00:00:09.626 --> 00:00:12.486 of Education, North Carolina State University. 00:00:13.286 --> 00:00:19.746 Teachers must communicate the expectation and the belief 00:00:19.746 --> 00:00:24.846 and the vision that they have for kids in their class. 00:00:24.956 --> 00:00:34.086 And that is, each student and all students are going to succeed in what they have to learn, 00:00:34.086 --> 00:00:41.686 and they're going to succeed in following the class rules and behaving appropriately. 00:00:42.146 --> 00:00:47.346 This is stated verbally at the beginning. 00:00:47.476 --> 00:00:49.536 It's stated to the students. 00:00:50.046 --> 00:00:52.486 It is also communicated to parents, 00:00:52.596 --> 00:00:55.836 and it's communicated to the teacher's colleagues at the school. 00:00:55.836 --> 00:01:02.006 And in addition to verbally communicating it, 00:01:02.466 --> 00:01:07.066 the teacher has to communicate it in the things that she does. 00:01:07.426 --> 00:01:10.296 How do you teach things to kids? 00:01:10.706 --> 00:01:13.776 It's the way you teach things to anyone. 00:01:14.286 --> 00:01:17.186 You say what they are. 00:01:17.996 --> 00:01:21.646 You show how to do them. 00:01:21.646 --> 00:01:31.446 You practice with guidance and correction, and then you insist the kids practice on their own 00:01:32.146 --> 00:01:36.306 with less guidance and less direction as time goes by. 00:01:37.186 --> 00:01:48.686 The teacher manages routines, rules, time, and space. 00:01:50.056 --> 00:01:53.766 Space is managed in a number of different ways. 00:01:53.766 --> 00:02:03.636 For example, a teacher should anticipate and act on what is going 00:02:03.636 --> 00:02:05.976 to be happening where in the classroom. 00:02:07.076 --> 00:02:14.166 Children's learning areas should be kept separate from high traffic areas 00:02:14.236 --> 00:02:21.096 because when children are moving around, it can be distracting. 00:02:21.096 --> 00:02:26.046 So there's one way that a teacher would manage space. 00:02:26.496 --> 00:02:29.236 The teacher also has to manage time. 00:02:30.426 --> 00:02:36.906 Teacher manages time by anticipating, as a matter of fact before the school year 00:02:36.906 --> 00:02:47.296 or semester begins, to anticipate how the entire curriculum is going to be subdivided into units 00:02:47.676 --> 00:02:52.386 and lessons and how a day's schedule will go. 00:02:52.836 --> 00:02:57.966 A third thing that the teacher would manage would be routines. 00:02:58.826 --> 00:03:05.886 Routines are ordinary ways of doing common tasks or behaviors. 00:03:06.346 --> 00:03:16.616 The fourth thing that teachers use to activate expectations is rules. 00:03:17.746 --> 00:03:22.146 The teacher-alone or together with the students, 00:03:22.236 --> 00:03:26.946 depending on how well the students will take part 00:03:26.946 --> 00:03:30.606 in this-should develop a small number of rules. 00:03:31.286 --> 00:03:40.386 Rules should address the most common things that students are going to do wrong. 00:03:40.486 --> 00:03:46.416 There is no point in making a rule about something that's a rare situation. 00:03:47.066 --> 00:03:51.096 Commonly, there may be three to six rules. 00:03:51.556 --> 00:04:01.446 They may be something like this: come to class on time with all your work materials; 00:04:02.346 --> 00:04:13.936 follow the teacher's directions immediately; follow our classroom routines; during work time, 00:04:14.086 --> 00:04:20.656 work your best; keep your hands, your feet. 00:04:20.805 --> 00:04:22.896 and objects to yourself. 00:04:24.296 --> 00:04:30.006 There are five rules, some teachers may go with four, six, whatever. 00:04:30.006 --> 00:04:35.616 If you have too many, that could overwhelm, especially, younger elementary school students. 00:04:36.816 --> 00:04:44.036 I want to emphasize that good classroom management in the elementary school calls for planning 00:04:44.036 --> 00:04:55.316 and implementing a sound plan for good instruction and good behavior management in order 00:04:55.316 --> 00:04:58.646 to prevent problems from happening in the first place. 00:04:59.056 --> 00:05:06.426 And it also calls for planning and implementing steps to intervene 00:05:07.066 --> 00:05:09.976 when a behavior problem does come up.